To prepare/synthesize chlorobutanol from acetone.

AIM: TO PREPARE AND SUBMIT CHLOROBUTANOL FROM ACETONE.

Requirements:

Acetone, chloroform, potassium hydroxide, round bottom flask, Glass rod and Beaker.

Theory:

Chloroform (trichloro-2-methyl-2-propanol) is synthesised by nucleophilic addition of chloroform and acetone. The reaction is base driven by sodium or potassium hydroxide.

Procedure:

1. Mix dry acetone (5g) and chloroform (10g) with continued stirring & cool to below 0°C.
2. Added gradually potassium hydroxide (3.25g) over a period of 60 hours.
3. Allow to stand at room temperature for a further 36 hours with intermittent stirring,
4. Filter the mass and wash the residue with acetone.
5. The combined filtrates are distilled, unchanged chloroform and acetone are recovered, and the fraction passing over between 165°C and 172°C is collected separately.
6. Pout the distillate in water, crystallisation take place and then filter the solid.
7. Recrystallize the product with a mixture of alcohol and water.
8. Melting point of anhydrous chlorobutanol is 96-97°C.
9. Result:
10. The yield of obtained product was found to be ____ and percentage yield was ____ and Melting Point was ___.

Uses:

It is used as a preservative, sedative, hypnotic and weak local anaesthetic. It has antibacterial and antifungal properties.